Application of Sigmund Freud Psychoanalytic Theory in Overcoming Anxiety and Learning Difficulties of Students

Abstract

This study aims to examine the application of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory in overcoming anxiety and learning difficulties of students at Pesantren Darul Ulum II Bujur Tengah Pamekasan. The approach used is qualitative with a case study design. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the anxiety experienced by students stems from psychodynamic conflicts between the id, ego, and superego, which are reinforced by childhood trauma, high moral pressure, and rigid authoritative relationships. Students' learning difficulties are more due to emotional repression, developmental fixation, and weak ego in managing academic and spiritual pressures. To answer this problem, a three-stage applied psychoanalytic model was formulated: psychodynamic exploration, conflict clarification, and reconstruction of learning strategies. This model is integrated with Islamic values ​​such as muhasabah and tafakur to make it more contextual and acceptable in the culture of Pesantren. Limited application shows the effectiveness of this approach in reducing anxiety and improving the quality of students' learning. Thus, psychoanalysis can be an alternative, integrative and humanistic approach in Pesantren education system which has tended to be normative and dogmatic.